Fig 2: TCF-1-deficient Treg-cells promote inflammation and tumor growth in polyposis-prone APC?468 mice.Tumor incidence, tumor aggression, and inflammation were quantified at 5.5 months of age in APC?468Foxp3CreTcf7fl/fl mice and compared to control APC?468Foxp3Cre mice. (a and b) Polyps and tumors in the excised colon (APC?468Foxp3Cre: n = 12 & APC?468Foxp3CreTcf7fl/fl: n = 10; p < 0.0001) and small bowel (APC?468Foxp3Cre: n = 12 & APC?468Foxp3CreTcf7fl/fl: n = 14; not significant) were visualized using a dissection microscope and manually counted. (c and d) Invasive lesions in the colon (n = 6; p < 0.01) and the small bowel (n = 5; p < 0.02). For the cumulative data (a, b, c & d), each symbol represents a value from an individual mouse. Tumor aggression was evaluated by counting lesions that had extensive nuclear ß-catenin staining at the submucosal boundary, as determined by IHC. Benign polyps were identified by restricted ß-catenin staining at the luminal boundary of the lesions. Each symbol represents a value from an individual mouse. (e and f) Representative IHC of colon and small bowel for nuclear ß-catenin; scale bar 200 µm. (g and h) Quantification of Gr1 stained cells in the colon and representative IHC stained sections; scale bar 100 µm. (i and j) Quantification of Gr1 stained cells in the small bowel and representative IHC stained sections. Arrows in “h” and “j” point to Gr1 expressing cells. Each symbol represents counts in one field of vision (FOV) at 200x (g: normal: n = 4, p < 0.009, p < 0.0001, and polyp: n = 4, p < 0.001 & i: normal: n = 4, p < 0.01, p < 0.0001, and polyp: n = 4, p < 0.02). In all experiments n represents biologically independent animals; means ± SEM; two-sided, unpaired t-test.